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From https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/29/learning/lesson-plans/enriching-academic-vocabulary-strategies-for-teaching-tier-two-words-to-ell-students.html

Enriching Academic Vocabulary: Strategies for Teaching Tier Two Words to E.L.L. Students
By Larry Ferlazzo
November 29, 2017

As you likely already know, the Common Core Standards use the research of Isabel Beck and Margaret McKeown to categorize words into Tiers One, Two and Three.

...Tier Two words are far more likely to appear in written texts than in speech. They appear in all sorts of texts: informational texts (words such as relative, vary, formulate, specificity, and accumulate), technical texts (calibrate, itemize, periphery), and literary texts (misfortune, dignified, faltered, unabashedly). Tier Two words often represent subtle or precise ways to say relatively simple things— saunter instead of walk, for example.

...But Tier Two words, as the authors of the Standards point out, “are frequently encountered in complex written texts and are particularly powerful because of their wide applicability to many sorts of reading.”

This is why, when I’m working with English language learners, I mainly focus on this tier. There is simply more bang for your teaching buck: Learning these words will make more texts accessible to your students.

Read the full article at https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/29/learning/lesson-plans/enriching-academic-vocabulary-strategies-for-teaching-tier-two-words-to-ell-students.html