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From http://www.eltresearchbites.com/201611-what-works-better-teachers-l1-use-or-l2%e2%80%90only-explanations/

In this short summary, Stephen Bruce summarizes a 2014 article by T. Zhaw and E. Macaro entitled “What works better for the learning of concrete and abstract words: teachers’ L1 use or L2‐only explanations?” In the study, students were divided into 3 different groups - one with no vocabulary focus, one with L1 used to explain vocabulary, and one with L2 used to explain vocabulary. Find out the results here: http://www.eltresearchbites.com/201611-what-works-better-teachers-l1-use-or-l2%e2%80%90only-explanations/